Configuring and LDAP/Active Directory 

users and groups can be maintained externally in systems such as Active Directory or Open LDAP.  Follow these steps to integrate  and your LDAP server:

1. Create a tenant with the LDAP/Active Directory Security Manager class.
2. Once you have your tenant successfully connecting with your LDAP server, review the available options regarding the authentication process.

Key Information to Collect

• LDAP server name or ip
• LDAP server port
• User name and password with proper permissions to access and browse LDAP.
• LDAP groups and/or users that will be considered  designers. These users will be able to create forms and flows in frevvo.
• LDAP groups and users that will be considered  administrators.
• LDAP groups and users that will be considered  publishers. This role gives a user the permission to go to the home page of every other tenant user. 
• LDAP groups and users that will be considered ReadOnly.

Prerequisite Tasks

These instructions assume that you have an in-house installation of Live Forms up and running or you have signed up for an LDAP tenant on the cloud server.

1. Log into your LDAP Server and add a new group, frevvo.TenantAdmin (case sensitive)
   

2. Assign the frevvo.TenantAdmin group to one or more users to give them the privileges of a tenant admin. 

   There are four special roles in : frevvo.TenantAdmin, frevvo.Designer, frevvo.Publisher, frevvo.ReadOnly, that must be specified on your LDAP/AD Server if you have users that will be assigned these roles. The group names must be frevvo.TenantAdmin, frevvo.Designer, frevvo.Publisher, frevvo.ReadOnly . Upper/lower case may be a factor for Open LDAP systems. 

Create a tenant with the LDAP/Active Directory Security Manager class.

The connection to your LDAP server is configured at the tenant level. Existing in-house customers using LDAP should refer to the  Upgrade Guide for a quick way to import your current LDAP configuration parameters before migrating. in-house customers can add an LDAP tenant and configure the LDAP paramaters via the Add Tenant screen. LDAP properties can be updated at anytime via the Edit Tenant screen.

Cloud customers must request an LDAP tenant from frevvo customer support. Cloud customers will receive a default tenant login from frevvo and then they can edit the LDAP configuration properties using the Edit Tenant screen to connect to their LDAP server.

In all cases, follow these steps to configure LDAP. These instructions assume that you have an in-house installation of Live Forms up and running or you have signed up for an LDAP tenant on the cloud server.

1. In-house customers:

1. 1. Login to  as an  administrator (user:admin and password:admin if you have not changed it)
   2. Click on Manage and then Manage Tenants
   3. You will see a page where the current tenants are listed. If this is a new installation you will only see the default tenant d
   4. Click on the  plus icon to add a new tenant.
   5. Configure the new tenant:
      1.  Choose LDAP/Active Directory Security Manager.from the Security Manager Class drop down.
         
         
         
         

      2. Enter your LDAP Configuration Properties. Alternatively, you can start off from one of the sample configurations and provide only the key information listed above. See below for information on the TLS checkbox.

         The Name/value table highlighted in the image allows you to configure up to 10 additional LDAP properties. See this website for a complete list of all available LDAP properties. For example, you can configure to ignore or follow referrals.

         Setting the java.naming.referral property to a value of "ignore" in the Name/Value table configures Consult your LDAP Administrator for the details.You will have to set the ‘java.naming.referral’ property to value ‘ignore’ in the Name/Value table of your Edit Tenant page.

      3. Enter a tenant id, a tenant name and description.
      4. The Max Concurrent Users is the maximum allowed by your license or less.
      5. Specify the LDAP User ID that will have the tenant admin permission. 
      6. Click Submit. You will see your new tenant in the tenant list if the connection to your LDAP server is successful.
         
         
2. Cloud customers:

1. 1. Contact frevvo to create an LDAP/Active Directory tenant. Login with the id and password information provided by frevvo.
   2. Click on the Edit tenant link
      
   3. Edit the LDAP Configuration Properties. Replace the default values with values for your LDAP server.
   4. Click Submit. 

 

It is recommended that you check the Ignore Case checkbox when configuring LDAP. Refer to Mixed or Upper case User Names topic for more details.

 

Clicking the submit button tests the connection. Any errors are displayed at the top of the form. Here is an example of an error when there is a typo in the LDAP server name:

 

Here is another example if the connection password is incorrect:

Check if the configuration is correct

Here are some quick tests to check if the LDAP configuration is correct:

1. Login as the  tenant admin for the LDAP tenant.
2. Click on the Manage Users link.
3. Click All. You should see a list of LDAP users which were assigned one of these roles on the LDAP server: frevvo.TenantAdmin, frevvo.Designer, frevvo.Publisher, frevvo.ReadOnly
4. Now, click Back To Manage Tenant.
5. Click Manage Roles. You should see a list of groups from your LDAP server.
6. Log out from  (you should be currently logged in as the tenantadmin)
7. Try to login with the user name and password of a user in LDAP. You need to specify the proper tenant when logging in. For instance, if john is a valid LDAP user and the name of the LDAP tenant is MYLDAP, you should log in as john@MYLDAP. The password would be john's password in LDAP.

Since you are using LDAP to define users and roles (i.e., groups), you do not see an Add User icon or Add Role icon on the Manage Users or Manage Roles pages.

Secure LDAP Configuration

will be connecting to your LDAP server over the network. Here are two methods to secure the LDAP connection:

1. Simple authentication over SSL - To enable SSL use the ldaps scheme in your LDAP tenant configuration in place of ldap and use port 636.  This is supported by older LDAP products such as AD 2000. It is important that the hostname in the certificate matches the hostname in your ldaps url.
2. Simple or external SASL authentication over TLS (Transport Layer Security) - To enable this method check the TLS checkbox in your LDAP tenant configuration. TLS is used by the LDAP v3 standard in products such as AD 2003 and above. TLS uses the standard LDAP port 389.  

When using either of these two methods, the recommended approach is to use a CA signed certificate. If you do not have a CA signed certificate then you can use a self-signed certificate.

Finally you need to install your signed or self-signed certificate. You can import the certificate into a keystore that  can access and trust. Follow the instructions for your keystore. If  is installed in a tomcat server, the tomcat keystore can be used. Refer to this Apache Tomcat website for instructions .

External SASL and pooling are currently not supported. This is planned for a later release. 

LDAP Configuration Properties

These are the properties used to configure the LDAP/Active Directory security manager. The properties in bold are required.

 Click here for a list of properties and to see which ones are required:

Property	Description
Connection URL	ldap server url
Connection User	User to connect to LDAP. This user must have the proper permissions to read and run queries in the ldap server. If using Active Directory, it is common to specify the domain. For instance, TEST\Administrator refers to the user Administrator in the TEST domain.
Connection Password	Password for the user defined in com.frevvo.security.ldap.connection.name.
Users Base	Searches for users will start from the ldap node specified by this property.If the value is empty the searches will start from the root domain.
Groups Base	Searches for the groups will start from the ldap node specified by this property. If the value is empty, searches will start from the root domain
UserId Display	User attribute that will be visible in frevvo. This is what will be displayed in the list of users a tenant admin sees and has to be unique in the server. Another restriction is that the values for the attribute configured here cannot have spaces. For instance, don't configure CN as the value since it can contain spaces in most systems.
GroupId Display	Group attribute that will be visible in frevvo. This is, for instance, what will be displayed in the list of groups a tenant admin sees or the groups used in workflows. This attribute has to be unique in the server.
Notify checkbox	Notifications are emails sent by frevvo to workflows participants. If checked, notifications will be sent.
All Groups Filter	The expected value is an LDAP filter expression. The expression should return the groups that will be available to be used in frevvo workflows. com.frevvo.security.ldap.groupIdDisplayAttribute
All Users Filter	The expected value is an LDAP filter expression. The expression should return the users that will be available to be used in frevvo work flows and authentication. com.frevvo.security.ldap.groupIdDisplayAttribute
User Member Of	Attribute on a user object storing the groups the user is a member of.
Group Member	Attribute on a group object storing the users that are a member of this group.
First Name	Name of the user ''first name'' attribute
Last Name	Name of the user ''last name'' attribute.
Email	Name of the user ''email'' attribute in the LDAP server. This value can be used in a rule is used in email notifications
Manager	Attribute on a user object storing the DN of the user’s manager. This value can be retrieved in a rule or used in flow navigation using the subject.reports.to data available in .
Ignore Case checkbox	If checked,  ignores the case stored in LDAP systems, primarily for the purpose of determining roles.
Custom	This is a a comma separated list of attribute names to be retrieved from the LDAP Server.
TLS	This enables simple authentication over TLS. If checked, a trusted certificate for the LDAP server is required.

Sample Configurations

Options for Authentication

Once you have your tenant successfully connecting with your LDAP server, there are two options available regarding the authentication process.

• Options 1: Users can login using the login page and will delegate authentication back to the LDAP/Active Directory server. See the example below. There is nothing more to do if you choose this option.
• Options 2: You can implement Single Sign On with IIS. See the details below.

Option 1 - Live Forms login page authenticating against LDAP

This is the case where the user will authenticate through the 's login page but delegate authentication to LDAP. Lets assume that your tenant named 'LDAP' was successfully configured to connect to your LDAP server and there is a user 'john' in your LDAP server. You can now login directly via 's login page:

 

The password provided in the login page is the user's password in LDAP. A very important point to note is that the user name, "john" in the example above, needs to match the value for the LDAP entry attribute configured in the property  UserID Display field on the Edit Tenant screen. For instance, for Active Directory, the value of this property is normally sAMAccountName. That means  will try to find an entry in LDAP that has sAMAccountName=john.

Option 2 - Single Sign On with IIS

In this scenario, a user authenticates to his windows account and tries to use . Since the user is already authenticated to the network,  will recognize his credentials and automatically forward the user to his  account, if he is a designer, or allow the user to use a form/flow if those resources are available to the tenant.

The basic deployment is IIS fronting  and the authentication is done against LDAP.  For that to work you need to:

1. Install Live Forms 
2. Configure Live Forms to work with IIS
3. Configure Windows Authentication 
   1. Configure Windows Authentication on IIS7 
   2. Configure Windows Authentication on IIS6 
4. In IIS, Make sure that Anonymous Authentication or Basic Authentication is NOT configured in the Web Application (Default Web) that will be used to proxy requests to . 

Please also refer to the force auth property for forms and flows. Force auth lets you override SSO for an individual form or flow.

Once all is configured and running it is possible to test these scenarios:

Signing in from within the network

In this case, the  server and the Active Directory server are running on the same machine. The user is already authenticated to the windows network and points the browser to:

http://[server]/frevvo/web/tn/[LDAP tenant]/login

Substitute LDAP tenant above with the tenant name you configured with the LDAP Security Manager. The server variable should be the ip address of the machine where IIS is installed .

The user will automatically authenticate to . It is crucial that the LDAP user is known to , in other words, the user should be one of the entries retrieved by the LDAP expression configured in the All Users Filter on the LDAP configuration screen.

Signing in from outside the network

In this case, the  server and the Active Directory server are running on different machines. The user is trying to hit the URL below from outside the network. 

 http://[server]/frevvo/web/tn/[LDAP tenant]/login 

Substitute LDAP tenant above with the tenant name you configured with the LDAP Security Manager and the server variable with the ip address of the machine where IIS is installed.

Since the user is not authenticated in the windows Network, he will be prompted by the browser for credentials. IIS will authenticate the user in the network and forward the request to . The user will be automatically redirected to his initial page without having to re-enter his credentials.

Single sign-on Browser Configuration

If you are still being prompted for Windows authentication after SSO is configured, the security settings for your browser may be too high. Configure your browser to authenticate using the "system logon credentials" (Kerberos authentication mechanism) by adding the frevvo server to the browser's trusted sites.

Follow these steps for the specified browsers:

Configuring Internet Explorer

If you are using either the IisLoginModule or NtlmLoginModule option, your Internet Explorer users may want to modify their browser settings.  By default, Internet Explorer will only allow automatic login for sites in its Intranet zone.  For sites not included in the specified Intranet Zones, a windows dialog box will popup requesting login information.  This popup can be avoided by having your users modify their Intranet Zone settings as described below.

IE will recognize a site as being in its Intranet zone in one of two ways.

1.     The name of the server that you are accessing does not have a dot in the name. For example, http://frevvoserver/.

2.     The site is configured as an Intranet site for IE.

To configure the Intranet sites for IE,

• Open IE and select "Tools > Internet Options...".
• Select the "Security" tab, click on the "Local intranet" icon, and then click on the "Sites..."
• Click the Advanced button. Type the full name of the frevvo server, including protocol, in the first field. For example: http://frevvoserver.com
  • If you are using SSL, then replace "http" with "https".
• Click the "Add" button.
• Click the "Close" and "OK" buttons to back out. Now IE should recognize the server as being part of its Intranet zone.

Configuring Firefox

If you are using either the IisLoginModule or NtlmLoginModule option, your Firefox users may want to modify their browser settings.  By default, Firefox will prevent automatic login.  Browsing the frevvo SSO URL will cause a windows dialog box to popup requesting login information.  This popup can be avoided by having your users modify their Firefox settings as described below.

• In the Firefox address bar type about:config.  This will display all settings for Firefox.  
• In the filter box type ntlm and hit the enter key. This will narrow the display items to those pertaining to NTLM authentication.
• Double click on the key entry network.automatic-ntlm-auth.trusted.uris.  This is a comma separated list of trusted servers for which automatic NTLM authentication is enabled.
• In the edit box displayed, enter the name of the server you are accessing.  For example, http://frevvoserver.com/.
  •  If you are using SSL, replace http with https.
    
• Click the OK button.  Firefox should now enable automatic NTLM authentication with the frevvo server.

Configuring Chrome

To configure chrome you need to start the application with following parameter: auth-server-whitelist - <Allowed fully qualified domain name>.

 For example: In Windows,

• Click the Start button, All Programs, Accessories, and then click Run. 
• In the Open box, type following and click Ok:
  • chrome --auth-server-whitelist="*frevvoserver.com" 

Configuring Safari

No additional configuration is needed.

Configure frevvo.internal.baseurl in frevvo.xml for LDAP SSO

This parameter is needed in frevvo.xml for various activities like accessing the ACL page, publishing templates, resetting tasks etc when using LDAP SSO. Let's say you have a browser signed in via SSO to machine m1 (port 80).  IIS is running on m1 (port 80) redirecting /frevvo/web to frevvo running on m2:8082. The browser submits a form to m1, IIS redirects to m2:8082.  The doc action is a frevvo:// URI which gets resolved to http://m1/frevvo/...   POSTs to this URI  but m1 rejects the POST since it is not authenticated.

To avoid situations such as these,  set frevvo.internal.baseurl to the actual host:port of the  server. Follow these steps:

1. edit <frevvo-home>/tomcat/conf/catalina/localhost/frevvo.xml
2. Add the parameter shown below with your information: Save the changes to the file.

Parameter name="frevvo.internal.baseurl" value="http:// <ip of the m/c where frevvo server is hosted>:<port>" override="false"/>

Upload and Video Control Behavior

If your system is configured for LDAP SSO, the upload and video controls exhibit the following behaviors:

1. The "uploading...." snake image displays continuously when uploading an image to an upload control in a form, accessed from a space, on a mobile device.
2. The video control will ask for credentials again in use/design mode if you are using the FireFox browser. In IE9, you will see the message: " The Web-page wants to run the following add-on: 'Windows Media Player' from 'Microsoft Corporation'. What's the risk?" Enter your credentials or run the add-on to proceed.

To workaround this issue, configure IIS so that it does not require re-authentication for every single request.

Mixed or Uppercase User Names

The first issue occurs when the user logs in. For instance, John Stevens LDAP account is JStevens but he logs in as jstevens, he will be recognized by case insensitive LDAP and thus granted access but will not be recognized as a designer or as a tenant admin by . To solve this, check the Ignore Case checkbox on the LDAP Configuration screen. To prevent issues you could always login to  using lower case jstevens. LDAP will grant access as it is case insensitive and  will know that you may have the designer or admin special permission. However users can forget to do this. Setting Ignore Case in your LDAP security configuration will solve this. 

The second problem is in directing tasks to  users if your LDAP user names are mixed case. One solution is to use hidden controls on your forms with rules to convert the case of user names to lower case. The example below shows two text controls on a form, one visible, EmployeeMixedCase, and the other hidden, Employee.

A user types a name (regardless of case) into the EmployeeMixedCase control. The hidden Employee control has a business rule that takes the value of the visible control and converts it to lowercase.

Employee.value = EmployeeMixedCase.value.toLowerCase(); 

The form or workflow routing can then use {Employee} rather than the control that may be mixed case. 

Referrals

LDAP administrators can configure to ignore or follow referrals by entering the LDAP property name and value in the table provided on the Add Tenant (on-premise) or Edit Tenant (cloud) screens.